Corona Virus in Slovakia
P.M.A.D.Jayarathne
2022-10-05
Packages
library(devtools)
library(tidyverse)
library(magrittr)
library(ggplot2)
library(coronavirus)
library(maptools)
library(tibble)
library(ggrepel)
library(png)
library(grid)
library(sp)
library(knitr)
library(skimr)
library(plotly)Introduction
data("coronavirus")
slovakia_corona <- coronavirus %>% filter(country == "Slovakia")This data analysis was carried out to identify the corona virus situation in the Slovakia.This slovakia_corona data set contain daily summary of corona virus data in Slovakia for 336 days.
There are 3 variables
Variable Description
date : Date in YYYY-MM-DD format
type : Type of cases : confirmed, death, recovered
cases : Number of cases on given date
Type of variables
Quantitative : cases
Qualitative : date, type
About Slovakia
Visualization of Slovakia
Slovakia is a small,mountainous landlock country in central Europe,that is bordered by Austria and the Czech Republic in west,by Hungary in south,by Poland in north,and the Ukraine in east .It is located between 47 - 49 degrees north latitude,the climate is moderately continential in the plains,while it becomes colder with increasing altitude in mountainous ares..Formerly part of Czechoslovakia,it was known as the slovak socialist republic became an independent sovereign state.
The country covers an area of 49,035 square of km,making it somewhat larger than half the size of portugal or about twice the size of the U>S> state New Hampshire.Slovakia has a population of 5.4 million people(in 2015),Slovakia’s capital and largest city is Bratislava.spoken languages are Slovak(official) and Hungarian. The majority of Slovak people are Christians – 62% are Roman Catholics, 4% are Greek Catholics, 6% Protestants, but most of them are not practicing more than once a week on Sunday mass. Around 15%-25% of inhabitants are atheists. The official language in Slovakia is the Slovak language, which is a Slavic language. Speaking Slavic language is very useful especially in central and Eastern Europe – people speaks Slavic languages in Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, and Balkan. On another hand, speaking Slovak is not easy and requires a lot of practice – you may contact SAIA or IOM for getting more information about Slovak courses. Slovakia is considered a safe country for foreigners. As per Global Peace Index comparing 172 independent countries in the world on the criteria as number of conflicts, criminality, political instability, violent demostration risk, number of jailed people per 100.000 inhabitants or number of armed people per capita, the Slovak ranked 23rd, with very similar result as Germany, Sweden, Belgium or Netherland.
Covid 19 in Slovakia
Slovakia is one of the most corona positive cases reported country. COVID 19 emergency measures taken by the slovak government in response to the coronavirus pandemic are,
As from March 16, 2020, the slovak government declared a state of emergency based on the Slovak constitutional act No.227/2002 Coll.on state security in times of war,hostilities,exceptiona circumstances or emergency, as amended.
As of march,2020 the public health authority has decided to imposed a mandatory 14 day quarntine on all persons returning from any country abroad.
All three international airports in Slovakia are closed.
Based on decree of the public health authority ,as from march,2020, everyone is obliged to wear a mask covering their breathing area in public places.
Banned any export of registerd human medicine or medical devices outside the territory of the slovak republic and etc.
Vaccination:
Slovakia has administered at least 7,077,048 doses of COVID vaccines so far. Assuming every person needs 2 doses, that’s enough to have vaccinated about 64.9% of the country’s population
Lockdown :
As COVID-19 infections began to be reported around the world, many countries responded by shutting down places like schools, workplaces and international borders in order to contain the spread of the virus
Explanatory Data Analysis
summary of the corona virus data in Slovakia
Table 01
summary(slovakia_corona)## date province country lat
## Min. :2020-01-22 Length:2652 Length:2652 Min. :48.67
## 1st Qu.:2020-08-29 Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:48.67
## Median :2021-04-07 Mode :character Mode :character Median :48.67
## Mean :2021-04-07 Mean :48.67
## 3rd Qu.:2021-11-14 3rd Qu.:48.67
## Max. :2022-06-23 Max. :48.67
## long type cases uid
## Min. :19.7 Length:2652 Min. :-255300.0 Min. :703
## 1st Qu.:19.7 Class :character 1st Qu.: 0.0 1st Qu.:703
## Median :19.7 Mode :character Median : 14.0 Median :703
## Mean :19.7 Mean : 968.2 Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:19.7 3rd Qu.: 175.5 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :19.7 Max. : 28504.0 Max. :703
## iso2 iso3 code3 combined_key
## Length:2652 Length:2652 Min. :703 Length:2652
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:703 Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Median :703 Mode :character
## Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :703
## population continent_name continent_code
## Min. :5459643 Length:2652 Length:2652
## 1st Qu.:5459643 Class :character Class :character
## Median :5459643 Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :5459643
## 3rd Qu.:5459643
## Max. :5459643slovakia_corona$month<- months(as.Date(slovakia_corona$date))
recovered_slovakia_corona<-slovakia_corona %>% filter(type=="recovery")
confirmed_slovakia_corona<-slovakia_corona %>% filter(type=="confirmed")
death_slovakia_corona<-slovakia_corona %>% filter(type=="death")To avoid giving the incorrect information due to outliers in data we can replace it as missing value.
recovered_slovakia_corona <- recovered_slovakia_corona %>% mutate(cases = replace(cases, which(cases < 0), NA))
summary(recovered_slovakia_corona)## date province country lat
## Min. :2020-01-22 Length:884 Length:884 Min. :48.67
## 1st Qu.:2020-08-29 Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:48.67
## Median :2021-04-07 Mode :character Mode :character Median :48.67
## Mean :2021-04-07 Mean :48.67
## 3rd Qu.:2021-11-14 3rd Qu.:48.67
## Max. :2022-06-23 Max. :48.67
##
## long type cases uid
## Min. :19.7 Length:884 Min. : 0.0 Min. :703
## 1st Qu.:19.7 Class :character 1st Qu.: 0.0 1st Qu.:703
## Median :19.7 Mode :character Median : 0.0 Median :703
## Mean :19.7 Mean : 290.1 Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:19.7 3rd Qu.: 14.0 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :19.7 Max. :4957.0 Max. :703
## NA's :4
## iso2 iso3 code3 combined_key
## Length:884 Length:884 Min. :703 Length:884
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:703 Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Median :703 Mode :character
## Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :703
##
## population continent_name continent_code month
## Min. :5459643 Length:884 Length:884 Length:884
## 1st Qu.:5459643 Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Median :5459643 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :5459643
## 3rd Qu.:5459643
## Max. :5459643
## Confirmed cases at first & last days
Table 2 - Confirmed cases at first days
## date province country lat long type cases uid iso2 iso3
## 1 2020-01-22 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## 2 2020-01-23 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## 3 2020-01-24 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## 4 2020-01-25 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## 5 2020-01-26 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## 6 2020-01-27 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 confirmed 0 703 SK SVK
## code3 combined_key population continent_name continent_code month
## 1 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU January
## 2 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU January
## 3 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU January
## 4 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU January
## 5 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU January
## 6 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU JanuaryTable 3 - Confirmed cases at last days
## date province country lat long type cases uid iso2 iso3
## 2647 2022-06-18 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## 2648 2022-06-19 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## 2649 2022-06-20 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## 2650 2022-06-21 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## 2651 2022-06-22 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## 2652 2022-06-23 <NA> Slovakia 48.669 19.699 recovery 0 703 SK SVK
## code3 combined_key population continent_name continent_code month
## 2647 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June
## 2648 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June
## 2649 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June
## 2650 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June
## 2651 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June
## 2652 703 Slovakia 5459643 Europe EU June###Figure 01 - Distribution of confirmed,recovery,death cases of covid 19 - Slovakia
This figure shows distribution of confirmed ,recovery and death cases of covid-19 in slovakia.This figure show that the number of confirmed cases are positively distributed.
Table 04 : summary - recovery cases
slovakia_corona <- coronavirus %>% filter(country == "Slovakia")
recovered_slovakia_corona <- slovakia_corona %>% filter(type=="recovery")
summary(recovered_slovakia_corona)## date province country lat
## Min. :2020-01-22 Length:884 Length:884 Min. :48.67
## 1st Qu.:2020-08-29 Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:48.67
## Median :2021-04-07 Mode :character Mode :character Median :48.67
## Mean :2021-04-07 Mean :48.67
## 3rd Qu.:2021-11-14 3rd Qu.:48.67
## Max. :2022-06-23 Max. :48.67
## long type cases uid
## Min. :19.7 Length:884 Min. :-255300 Min. :703
## 1st Qu.:19.7 Class :character 1st Qu.: 0 1st Qu.:703
## Median :19.7 Mode :character Median : 0 Median :703
## Mean :19.7 Mean : 0 Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:19.7 3rd Qu.: 14 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :19.7 Max. : 4957 Max. :703
## iso2 iso3 code3 combined_key
## Length:884 Length:884 Min. :703 Length:884
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:703 Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Median :703 Mode :character
## Mean :703
## 3rd Qu.:703
## Max. :703
## population continent_name continent_code
## Min. :5459643 Length:884 Length:884
## 1st Qu.:5459643 Class :character Class :character
## Median :5459643 Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :5459643
## 3rd Qu.:5459643
## Max. :5459643
Above graph shows the confirmed number of corona cases in Slovakia in
daily basis.From 2021to 2022,the number of confirmed cases will increase
slightly and again in the middle of 2022,the number of confirmed cases
will dicrease.
Above graph shows the number of death corona cases in Slovakia in daily basis.From 2021to 2022,the number of confirmed cases will increase slightly and again in the middle of 2022,the number of confirmed cases will dicrease.
p1<- ggplot(slovakia_corona,aes(date,cases,color=type), is.na=FALSE)+
geom_point()+
geom_line()+
ggtitle("Figure 06 : Time series analysis - Slovakia")
ggplotly(p1)Comparison with Covid 19 cases of other countries.
slovakia_corona<- coronavirus %>% filter(country=="Slovakia")
us_corona<-coronavirus %>% filter(country == "US")
italy_corona<- coronavirus %>% filter(country=="Italy")
france_corona<-coronavirus %>% filter(country=="France")
other_country_corona<-as.data.frame(rbind(slovakia_corona,us_corona,italy_corona,france_corona))
Compare with nearest countries
The above graph shows the nearby coutries to Slovakia.
## country n
## 1 Austria 2652
## 2 Belgium 2652
## 3 France 31824
## 4 Germany 2652
## 5 Hungary 2652
## 6 Italy 2652
## 7 Poland 2652
## 8 Switzerland 2652
## 9 Ukraine 2652The above table shows the number of countries near the Slovakia.
The above plot was generated in order to confirm whether nearest conuntries in the slovakia continent is in the relevent dataframe. Therefore it can be concluded that all the contries in the same continent has been considered.
Discussion and conclusion
Covid 19 is now a world pandemic where Slovakia also has to gone through. Corona virus confirmed cases has appeared in Slovakia from end of 2022. Although the country was on lockdown the no.of confirmed corona cases in Slovakia has been inreased, when we take a overall look it can be seen that daily confirmed cases in increasing which means there is a upward and downward trend in the no.of daily confirmed corona virus cases in Slovakia. The daily confirmed cases is increasing at 2021 and it has been dicrease at the 2022. And also rate of daily death cases is remained same for 2022 at a low value. The perecentage of recovered patients with respect to the total confirmed cases is low.That implies that still there are many corona patients who needed to be treated. Therefore from that it can be concluded that still the country did not take reliable measures to stop the spreading of the disease since the recovery rate is low but they has managed to keep the death rate very low because we can see number of deaths are dicrese at the end of 2022.